Health Of People Research Articles

Functional alterations in overweight/obesity: focusing on the reward and executive control network.

Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) have become prevalent issues in the global public health arena. Serving as a prominent risk factor for various chronic diseases, overweight/obesity not only poses serious threats to people's physical and mental health but also imposes significant medical and economic burdens on society as a whole. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on basic scientific research dedicated to seeking the neural evidence underlying overweight/obesity, aiming to elucidate its causes and effects by revealing functional alterations in brain networks. Among them, dysfunction in the reward network (RN) and executive control network (ECN) during both resting state and task conditions is considered pivotal in neuroscience research on overweight/obesity. Their aberrations contribute to explaining why persons with overweight/obesity exhibit heightened sensitivity to food rewards and eating disinhibition. This review centers on the reward and executive control network by analyzing and organizing the resting-state and task-based fMRI studies of functional brain network alterations in overweight/obesity. Building upon this foundation, the authors further summarize a reward-inhibition dual-system model, with a view to establishing a theoretical framework for future exploration in this field.

Health Problems Faced by Elderly and Services Offered by Old Age Home/Aafiat, Lahore, Social Welfare Department, Punjab

The demand for increased physical as well as psychological healthcare facilities is driving up concerns about an ageing population, especially in resource-constrained countries. Older adults in Pakistan experience insecurity due to a number of social and economic causes. In such situations, when conventional family care is unavailable or the elderly lack resources like housing, old age homes offer services to the elderly. The present quantitative study aimed to ascertain the demographic profile of the elderly population residing in an old age home or Aafiat, investigate the factors that contribute to their residence in an old age home, examine the physical and mental health challenges experienced by those receiving residential care, and find out the elderly population's satisfaction level with the services provided by the old age home. However, this article merely addressed the issues with older people's physical and mental health and how satisfied they were with the services and facilities the old age home offered. It was a cross-sectional study, and in order to gather data, interviews were conducted with each of the 25 inmates who were present at the Lahore old age home/Aafiat. According to the findings, the majority of respondents expressed high satisfaction with the level of services received; however, the data revealed that the elderly in the old age home experienced several challenges linked to their physical and mental health.

The Effect of Music on People's Mental Health

In the current study, music therapy as a way to reduce mental and physical annoying factors by listening to music has been investigated. For instance, it can reduce anxiety by increasing serotonin levels, and listening to music can also improve breathing so it can change drivers in individuals with mental disorders. Reducing the pain of giving birth via affecting factors such as stabilization of breathing and regularizing heartbeat, are some of the music effects on individuals’ bodies.

Efficacy of the iJobs Web-Based Psychoeducational Intervention to Improve Job Search Behavior and Promote Mental Health Among Unemployed People: Protocol for a Waitlist Randomized Controlled Trial.

Unemployment affects millions of people worldwide and, beyond its economic impact, has severe implications for people's well-being and mental health. Different programs have been developed in response to this phenomenon, but to date, job-search interventions have proved to be most effective, especially the JOBS II program. The JOBS II program proved not only to be effective for re-employment but also has a positive impact on beneficiaries' mental health (ie, reduces anxiety or depression). However, by now, this evidence-based program has been delivered only on site in the various countries where it was implemented. In the digital era, web-based alternatives to such programs are highly needed because they have the advantages of scalability and cost-effectiveness. In this context, we aim to investigate the efficacy of iJobs, the web-based adaptation of the JOBS II program, on job-search intensity and effort, the quality of job-search behaviors, and job-search self-efficacy. Further, 1 month after the intervention, we will also assess the employment status and the satisfaction with the job (if applicable). This study will also investigate the effect of iJobs on well-being and mental health (ie, anxiety and depression). This study is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial. The 2 independent groups (intervention vs waiting list control group) will be crossed with 3 measurement times (ie, baseline, the postintervention time point, and 1-month follow-up). The design will be a 2 (intervention vs control) × 3 (baseline, the postintervention time point, and 1-month follow-up) factorial design. iJobs is a 2-week intervention consisting of 6 modules: an introductive module and 5 modules adapted from the original JOBS II program to the web-based setting and Romanian population. The web-based intervention also has a human component, as beneficiaries receive personalized written feedback after each module on the platform from a team of psychologists involved in the project. The enrollment of study participants started in June 2023 and is expected to end in May 2024. The data collection is expected to be completed by July 2024. The results are expected to be submitted for publication in the summer of 2024. This study is the first large-scale randomized controlled trial aiming to test the efficacy of a web-based adaptation of the JOBS II program. If our results support the efficacy of iJobs, they will offer the premise for it to become an evidence-based, accessible alternative for unemployed people in Romania and might be implemented in other countries. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05962554; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05962554. PRR1-10.2196/55374.

Effects of component ratios on the properties of sweet potato-oat composite dough and the quality of its steamed cake.

To enhance the value proposition of sweet potato and oat while broadening their applicability in further processing, this study systematically investigated the impact of oat flour incorporation ratios (5%-25% of sweet potato dry weight) on the quality attributes of sweet potato-oat composite dough and its resulting steamed cake products. The results showed that the addition of oat flour could promote the rheological, water retention, and thermomechanical properties of the composite dough and improve the internal microstructure, specific volume, texture, and other processing properties of the steamed cake products. The rheology, water retention, and protein stability of the dough were maximized when the proportion of oat flour was 25%. The textural properties of steamed cakes, hardness, elasticity, cohesion, adhesion, chewiness, and recovery significantly increased (p<0.05) and viscosity significantly decreased (p<0.05) with the addition of oat flour. It is noteworthy that thermodynamic properties, internal structure of the dough, and air holding capacity, which are critical for processing, showed the best results at 20% oat flour addition. Therefore, the addition of 20%-25% oats is recommended to produce composite doughs with optimal quality and processing characteristics. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: As living standards improve, traditional cereals may no longer able to meet people's health needs. Therefore, there is an urgent consumer demand for nutritious, tasty alternatives to staple foods. In this study, oat flour and sweet potato mash were mixed to make sweet potato-oat cake, and the effect of ingredient ratio on the performance and quality of composite dough containing sweet potato-oat flour was analyzed, thus proposing an innovative approach to the research, development, and industrial production of sweet potato and oat food products.

Holistic Approach in Strengthening of Primary Health Care Service

Sri Lanka is currently facing a demographic and epidemiological transition, which includes the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD), immerging, and re-emerging of communicable diseases. Further, Population ageing in Sri Lanka is accelerating at a faster rate than in other South Asian countries. Primary Health Care, often abbreviated as ‘PHC’, has been defined by World Health Organization as “an approach that in whole society that aims at ensuring the highest possible level of health and well-being and their equitable distribution by focusing on people’s needs and as early as possible along the continuum from health promotion and disease prevention to treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care, and as close as feasible to people’s everyday environment". Currently, there is a dichotomy in PHC as preventive and curative aspects.Reversing the service utilization pattern would likely yield substantial efficiency gains that maximize the benefit of existing resources as well as maximal utilization of higher-level institution for needy critical patients, while changing PHC as popular first contact points closure to their homes providing comprehensive care package. The Key Result Areas are Strengthening Primary Health Care Service with reforms, Empowering individuals, families and communities, and Facilitating broader determinants of health. The Strategic Objectives are to meet people's health needs throughout their lives; promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitation and palliative care ensuring availability, coverage, affordability and equitable access to quality health services with appropriate technology and facilities through a team of well-trained staff in adequate number. (Equitable distribution of health care with appropriate technology and developed Health workforce), To empower individuals, families and communities to take charge of their own health through community awareness and participation (Community participation and community engagement), and to address the broader determinants of health through Multisectoral policy and action ensuring the quality of available basic needs of citizens (Multi-sectoral approach). A strategic framework was designed based on above objectives.

Attachment and negative affect on mental health and pain experience patients with Multiple Sclerosis: mediated by coping strategies and loneliness

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis and its related stressors significantly affect the mental health of people with MS. Considering the progressive and relapsing-remitting nature of the disease and somatic complaint, the Pain experience for MS patients is challenging. We examined the direct effects of Attachment and the negative affect on mental health and pain experience and the indirect effects of Attachment, negative affect, loneliness, and coping strategies on the mental health and pain experience of people with multiple sclerosis. MethodsThree hundred forty-five patients with MS were selected through the Iranian MS Association. Measures included the negative affect (PANAS), Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28), short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-mpq-2), Social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (SELSA-S), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations(CISS-21). The present study has employed the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to investigate the direct and indirect effects of coping strategies, attachment, loneliness, and negative affect on mental health and pain experienced by individuals with MS. The fit of the model to the data was examined using the Discrepancy Function Divided by Degrees of Freedom (CMIN/DF), Normed Fit Index (NFI), TuckerLewis Index (TLI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). ResultsThe fit indices results showed that the model's fit was good. Furthermore, findings indicate that 13% (R2=13) of the pain experience Changes and 47% (R2=47) of the mental health Changes are explained via study predictors. Negative affect directly affects mental health and pain experience, and Attachment directly affects mental health. Negative affect indirectly affects coping strategies. Attachment and Negative affect indirectly affect loneliness. Loneliness and coping strategies indirectly affect mental health and pain experience. ConclusionStudy findings contribute to our understanding of the crucial structures that play a role in the mental health and pain experience of individuals with MS. Loneliness and coping strategies as mediating variables play essential roles in these people's mental health and pain experience. In the times ahead, it would be beneficial to prioritize addressing negative affect, attachment, coping strategies, and loneliness in the patients with MS' medical and psychological intervention.

Barriers and facilitators of communitybased implementation of evidencebased interventions in the UK, for children and young people's mental health promotion, prevention and treatment: rapid scoping review - ERRATUM.

Barriers and facilitators of communitybased implementation of evidencebased interventions in the UK, for children and young people's mental health promotion, prevention and treatment: rapid scoping review - ERRATUM.

Fabrication of multi-dimensional heterostructure towards highly efficient microwave absorbing performance and flame retardancy

To diminish the intimidation of the electromagnetic wave pollution, high-performance electromagnetic absorbing material are badly-needed for the normal operation of precision instruments and the people's health. A new type multi-dimensional heterostructure microwave absorber was designed by combining the carboxylated one-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNT), two-dimensional MXene and graphene oxide (GO), then was reduced and foamed (foamed and reduced GO, F-rGO) by a simple one-pot method under hydrazine treatment to form CNT-MXene-F-rGO. For the 25wt% CNT-MXene-F-rGO composites, the lowest RL value reached to 57.6dB at 10.3GHz with a thickness of 2.5mm and an EAB of 3.3GHz, meeting the high requirements of light, wide-band and high-efficiency. Moreover, the conduction loss, dielectric loss, multiple reflection and scattering collectively functioned to enhance the electromagnetic wave absorbing property. In addition, the heat release capacity (HRC), peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP/CNT-MXene-F-rGO10 composites greatly reduced by 53.0%, 40.3% and 15.6%, respectively, showing excellent flame retardancy via the nano-tunneling and catalytic carbonization effect.

Construction of urban low-carbon development and sustainable evaluation system based on the internet of things

Low-carbon (LC) cities are the cities that people long for today. LC environmental protection plays a very important role in people's health. The construction of a city in LC is a great cause that contributes to the present and benefits the future. In this study, we propose a development and sustainability evaluation system for building low-carbon cities based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The study is novel in that it considers key areas such as urban planning, environmental issues and solutions, and how the Internet of Things can optimize low-carbon logistics and smart grids, with the aim of promoting the formation of low-carbon city models. This comprehensive approach not only presents problems and solutions in low-carbon urban planning but also focuses on how the Internet of Things can be used as a key technology to promote low-carbon urban development. The urban development of LC was constructed with a sustainable evaluation system, so that people could experience the life of LC. Through the investigation of the degree of atmospheric pollution of LC cities using the Internet of Things, this article found that the highest degree of atmospheric pollution was 30. The highest degree of atmospheric pollution in cities in LC without IoT was 53. The severity of water pollution in cities in LC using IoT technology ranged from 10 to 25, while those without IoT ranged from 30 to 60. The degree of soil pollution in LC cities using IoT technology was concentrated in 10–30, while those without using IoT were concentrated in 30–50. Through these experimental data, it could be seen that IoT technology could reduce environmental pollution, thus achieving the effect of LC cities. This shows that the use of IoT technology in LC cities was highly feasible.

ADAPTING THE MARKETING MIX: ANALYSIS OF INDIAN COMPANIES IN RESPONSE TO COVID-19 FOR CUSTOMER RETENTION

The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has touched the lives of countless individuals. As of September 2020, the World Health Organization (2020a) reported about 29 million confirmed cases of COVID-19, with over 900,000 fatalities. Quickly spreading from its January origin in China, the virus reached neighbouring nations. The United States has more than 6 million infected people, making it the country with the highest number of confirmed cases. Because the virus can spread so quickly from person to person, several countries have put travel bans, non-essential company halts, and stay-at-home orders into effect. The epidemic's detrimental impact on the economy is unrelated to people's health. According to Cantore, Hartwich, Lavopa, Haverkamp, Laplane, and Rodousakis (2020), a lot of countries are experiencing a recession irrespective of how much of an impact COVID-19 had on their income. Many people have made rapid lifestyle changes in response to this health crisis. Supply chain management, resource allocation, and marketing are just a few areas where many businesses struggle when attempting to alter their standard operating procedures. A company's marketing strategy needs to be flexible enough to adapt to the changing needs of its target market if it wants to minimize losses and maximize gains. Studying the effects of a pandemic on the economy and the ways in which marketing tactics have evolved is essential.

ADAPTING THE MARKETING MIX: ANALYSIS OF INDIAN COMPANIES IN RESPONSE TO COVID-19 FOR CUSTOMER RETENTION

ADAPTING THE MARKETING MIX: ANALYSIS OF INDIAN COMPANIES IN RESPONSE TO COVID-19 FOR CUSTOMER RETENTION

Research on the Development of Methods for Detection of Substandard and Falsified Medicines by Clarifying Their Pharmaceutical Characteristics Using Modern Technology.

The existence of substandard and falsified medicines threatens people's health and causes economic losses as well as a loss of trust in medicines. As the distribution of pharmaceuticals becomes more globalized and the spread of substandard and falsified medicines continues worldwide, pharmaceutical security measures must be strengthened. To eradicate substandard and falsified medicines, our group is conducting fact-finding investigations of medicines distributed in lower middle-income countries (LMICs) and on the Internet. From the perspective of pharmaceutics, such as physical assessment of medicines, we are working to clarify the actual situation and develop methods to detect substandard and falsified medicines. We have collected substandard and falsified medicines distributed in LMICs and on the Internet and performed pharmacopoeial tests, mainly using HPLC, which is a basic analytic method. In addition to quality evaluation, we have evaluated the applicability of various analytic methods, including observation of pharmaceuticals using an electron microscope, Raman scattering analysis, near-IR spectroscopic analysis, chemical imaging, and X-ray computed tomography (CT) to detect substandard and falsified medicines, and we have clarified their limitations. We also developed a small-scale quality screening method using statistical techniques. We are engaged in the development of methods to monitor the distribution of illegal medicines and evolve research in forensic and policy science. These efforts will contribute to the eradication of substandard and falsified medicines. Herein, I describe our experience in the development of detection methods and elucidation of the pharmaceutical status of substandard and falsified medicines using novel technologies.

Design, synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents against acute lung injury and colitis

Acute lung injury (ALI) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common inflammatory illnesses that seriously affect people's health. Herein, a series of 4-hydroxylcoumarin (4-HC) derivatives were designed and synthesized. The inhibitory effects of these compounds on LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) release from J774A.1 cells were then screened via ELISA assay, compound B8 showed 3 times more active than the lead compound 4-HC. The most active compound B8 had the IC50 values of 4.57 μM and 6.51 μM for IL-6 release on mouse cells J774A.1 and human cells THP-1, respectively. Furthermore, we also found that B8 could act on the MAPK pathway. Based on the target prediction results of computer virtual docking, kinase inhibitory assay was carried out, and it revealed that targeting IRAK1 was a key mechanism for B8 to exert anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, B8 exerted a good therapeutic effect on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model and liposaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mouse models. The acute toxicity experiments indicated that high-dose B8 caused no adverse reactions in mice, confirming its safety in vivo. Additionally, the preliminary pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of B8 in SD rats were also examined, revealing a bioavailability (F) of 28.72%. In conclusion, B8 is a potential candidate of drug for the treatment of ALI and colitis.

SCOPING REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE MEASURES TAKEN

Publications of 21 scientific studies from the field of psychology and psychiatry related to the effects that the spread of COVID-19 has on mental health and the measures taken by mental health professionals to control the negative consequences on the psyche of people are presented. In this regard, the aim of the article is to present a summary of the main subjects in scientific research in the field of mental health. The article differentiates five main problem areas in relation to people's mental health and emotional response to COVID-19: in terms of age; gender differences; personality characteristics; professional activity and behaviour; telepsychiatry and telepsychology. The analysis of the publications shows that the effects can be divided into two categories: short-term and long-term, and in both categories the effects can be positive and negative; the authors emphasize the phenomenology of subjective experiences. Most researchers draw the following conclusions: the COVID-19 pandemic has provoked high levels of stress, mental instability, PTSD, depression, cognitive and neurological disorders; vulnerable groups (elderly people, young people, health professionals, people with mental health problems before the pandemic, homeless people and refugees) have more mental health problems during the pandemic and are slower to recover. Another important conclusion from the 21 studies studied is that it is necessary to formulate recommendations to improve people's mental health, to involve mental health professionals in the development of comprehensive public health policies and to support health care workforce as well as to improve public health prevention strategies, especially during health crises.

Epidemiological features of depression and anxiety among homeless adults with healthcare access problems in London, UK: descriptive cross-sectional analysis.

In England in 2021, an estimated 274 000 people were homeless on a given night. It has long been recognised that physical and mental health of people who are homeless is poorer than for people who are housed. There are few peer-reviewed studies to inform health and social care for depression or anxiety among homeless adults in this setting. To measure the symptoms of depression and anxiety among adults who are homeless and who have difficulty accessing healthcare, and to describe distribution of symptoms across sociodemographic, social vulnerability and health-related characteristics. We completed structured questionnaires with 311 adults who were homeless and who had difficulty accessing healthcare in London, UK, between August and December 2021. We measured anxiety and depression symptoms using the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) score. We compared median PHQ-4 scores across strata of the sociodemographic, social vulnerability and health-related characteristics, and tested for associations using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The median PHQ-4 score was 8 out of 12, and 40.2% had scores suggesting high clinical need. Although PHQ-4 scores were consistently high across a range of socioeconomic, social vulnerability and health-related characteristics, they were positively associated with: young age; food insecurity; recent and historic abuse; joint, bone or muscle problems; and frequency of marijuana use. The most common (60%) barrier to accessing healthcare related to transportation. Adults who are homeless and have difficulty accessing healthcare have high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Our findings support consideration of population-level, multisectoral intervention.

Long-lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle and body weight: results of representative cross-sectional surveys in adults in Germany.

The COVID-19 pandemic severely affected people's daily lives and health. Few studies have looked into the persistence of these changes. In the current study, we investigated to what extent changes in lifestyle and body weight were sustained after two years of restrictions. We performed two representative online surveys among adults living in Germany. The first survey (S1) was performed in April 2021; the second survey (S2) in June 2022. The questionnaire focused on changes in physical activity, dietary habits, body weight, and mental stress levels. The data were weighted to optimally represent the general population of Germany. Using Chi-square tests, results were compared between the two surveys, and - per survey - between subgroups based on sociodemographic factors and mental stress levels. Furthermore, binomial logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with weight gain. A total of 1,001 (S1) and 1,005 (S2) adults completed the survey, of which 50.4% were men and 49.6% were women in both surveys. Mean body mass index (BMI) at the time of the survey was 27.4 ± 6.0kg/m2 (S1) and 27.1 ± 5.5kg/m2 (S2). Reduced physical activity was reported by 52% of the participants in S1 and by 40% in S2 (p < .001). Moderate to severe stress was reported by 71% of the participants in S1 and by 62% in S2 (p < .001). Less healthy eating compared to before the pandemic was reported by 16% of the participants in S1 and by 12% in S2 (p = 0.033). Weight gain was reported by 40% of the participants in S1 and by 35% in S2 (p = 0.059). Weight gain was associated with higher BMI, reduced physical activity levels, less healthy nutrition and increased consumption of energy-dense food. Our results indicate that two years and three months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse effects on health-related lifestyle factors and body weight still existed, albeit to a lesser degree than directly after the first year of the pandemic. Targeted strategies are needed to better support the population subgroups most likely to change their lifestyle in unfavorable ways when faced with disruptions of their everyday lives.

ANALISIS PELAYANAN BPJS DI INDONESIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DENGAN PENDEKATAN PROBLEM TREE ANALYSIS

This research aims to identify problems in BPJS services in Indonesia in improving community welfare using a problem tree analysis approach. The problem tree analysis method is used in this research to identify the root of problems in BPJS services, to provide a clearer picture, more appropriate solutions, good treatment priorities, as well as a structured evaluation and improvement process for BPJS services in the future. The research results revealed several main problems in BPJS services, such as low service quality, lack of service management, employee discriminatory behavior, and limited facilities and infrastructure. These problems violate the principles of good governance, such as the supremacy of law, effectiveness, efficiency, equality, accountability, and transparency. This condition makes it difficult for people to access quality and timely health services and can have a serious impact on people's health and welfare. This research suggests the need to increase supervision, optimize coordination, train employees, distribute facilities and infrastructure, and implement a reward and punishment system to improve the quality of BPJS services. With planned improvement efforts, it is hoped that BPJS Health services can provide optimal benefits for the health and welfare of the Indonesian people as a whole. Keywords: Service, BPJS, Good Governance, Problem Tree Analysis

The effect of forest-environment construction on the physical activity among Chinese adults

Abstract Background&amp;#xD;The Chinese government attaches great importance to the construction of the National Forest City (NFC), aiming at creating a pleasant living environment beneficial for people's health and well-being. This study aimed to estimate the effect of the NFC policy on the frequency of physical activity (PA) for people in mainland China.&amp;#xD;Methods &amp;#xD;Using the nationally representative data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2010 and its follow-up in 2018, 17704 participants aged 18 and older were analyzed in our study. We employed the two-way fixed estimator in the difference in difference setting to analyze the PA of the adults in the cohort with different development levels of the forest-environment construction measured by the number of NFCs, and explore the relative differences before and after the construction of NFC. Subgroup analysis of age group, gender and living areas and a series of robustness tests were further conducted.&amp;#xD;Results &amp;#xD;The mean age of 17704 participants in 2010 was (45.03±13.67) years old, 51.74% of which were female and 48.26% were male. DID results showed that after the construction of NFC, the frequency of PA increased by 1.35 (β=1.35, 95% CI:0.73 to 1.98) per week compared to those in provinces without NFC. And the improving effect of the forest-environment construction on PA frequency was intensified in middle-aged and older adults aged 45 and above (β=2.03, 95% CI:1.09 to 2.96), males(β=1.26, 95% CI:0.39 to 2.12) and females (β=1.49, 95% CI:0.58 to 2.40) and those living in urban areas (β=1.29, 95% CI:0.57 to 2.00).&amp;#xD;Conclusions&amp;#xD;Our findings showed that the forest-environment construction under the NFC strategy has a positive role in the PA of older adults, indicating the health-promoting effects of the national environmental strategy. Considering the heterogeneity, it is essential to promote the benefits of green exercise for young and rural adults.

Porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposites play a potential inhibition role in hyperoxaluria associated kidney stone by exerting antioxidant effects.

Nephrolithiasis seriously affects people's health with increasing prevalence and high recurrence rates. However, there is still a lack of effective interventions for the clinical prevention of kidney stones. Hyperoxaluria-induced renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury is a known key factor in kidney stone formation. Thus, developing new drugs to inhibit the hyperoxaluria-induced TEC injury may be the best way. We synthesized the Se@SiO2 nanocomposites as described in Zhu's study. The size and morphology of the Se@SiO2 nanocomposites were captured by transmission electron microscopy. Cell viability was measured by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The mice were randomly divided into the following four groups: (I) the control group (n=6); (II) the Se@SiO2 group (n=6); (III) the glyoxylic acid monohydrate (GAM) group; and (IV) the GAM + Se@SiO2 group (n=6). The concentration of Se in the mice was quantified using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The CCK-8 assays showed that Se@SiO2 nanocomposites had almost no obvious cytotoxicity on the Transformed C3H Mouse Kidney-1 (TCMK-1) cell. The mice kidney Se concentration levels in the Se@SiO2 groups (Se@SiO2 6.905±0.074 mg/kg; GAM + Se@SiO2 7.673±2.85 mg/kg) (n=6) were significantly higher than those in the control group (Control 0.727±0.072 mg/kg; GAM 0.747±0.074 mg/kg) (n=6). The Se@SiO2 nanocomposites reduced kidney injury, calcium oxalate crystal deposition, and the osteoblastic-associated proteins in the hyperoxaluria mice models. Se@SiO2 nanocomposites appear to protect renal TECs from hyperoxaluria by reducing reactive oxygen species production, suggesting the potential role of preventing kidney stone formation and recurrence.